libpayload: Make EHCI driver cache-aware

This patch makes the EHCI driver work on ARM platforms which usually do
not support automatic cache snooping. It uses the new DMA memory
mechanism (which needs to be correctly set up in the Coreboot mainboard
code) to allocate all EHCI-internal communication structures in
cache-coherent memory, and cleans/invalidates the externally supplied
transfer buffers in Bulk and Control functions with explicit calls as
necessary.

Old-Change-Id: Ie8a62545d905b7a4fdd2a56b9405774be69779e5
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/167339
(cherry picked from commit 322338934add36a5372ffe7d2a45e61a4fdd4a54)

libpayload: ehci: Cache management is hard, let's go copying...

It turns out that my previous commit to make the EHCI stack cache aware
on ARM devices wasn't quite correct, and the problem is actually much
trickier than I thought. After having some fun with more weird transfer
problems that appear/disappear based on stack alignment, this is my
current worst-case threat model that any cache managing implementation
would need to handle correctly:

Some upper layer calls ehci_bulk() with a transfer buffer on its stack.
Due to stack alignment, it happens to start just at the top of a cache
line, so up to 64 - 4 bytes of ehci_bulk's stack will share that line.
ehci_bulk() calls dcache_clean() and initializes the USB transfer.
Between that point and the call to dcache_invalidate() at the end of
ehci_bulk(), any access to the stack variables in that cache line (even
a speculative prefetch) will refetch the line into the cache. Afterwards
any other access to a random memory location that just happens to get
aliased to the same cache line may evict it again, causing the processor
to write out stale data to the transfer buffer and possibly overwrite
data that has already been received over USB.

In short, any dcache_clean/dcache_invalidate-based implementation that
preserves correctness while allowing any arbitrary (non cache-aligned)
memory location as a transfer buffer is presumed to be impossible.
Instead, this patch causes all transfer data to be copied to/from a
cache-coherent bounce buffer. It will still transfer directly if the
supplied buffer is already cache-coherent, which can be used by callers
to optimize their transfers (and is true by default on x86).

Old-Change-Id: I112908410bdbc8ca028d44f2f5d388c529f8057f
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/169231
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 702dc50f1d56fe206442079fa443437f4336daed)

Squashed the initial commit and a follow up fix.

Change-Id: Idf7e5aa855b4f0221f82fa380a76049f273e4c88
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6633
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>

2 files changed, 7 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/payloads/libpayload/include/stdlib.h b/payloads/libpayload/include/stdlib.h
index 8c8c200873..d3448b96cc 100644
--- a/payloads/libpayload/include/stdlib.h
+++ b/payloads/libpayload/include/stdlib.h
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ void *memalign(size_t align, size_t size);
 void init_dma_memory(void *start, u32 size);
 void *dma_malloc(size_t size);
 void *dma_memalign(size_t align, size_t size);
+int dma_initialized(void);
+int dma_coherent(void *ptr);
 /** @} */
 
 /**
diff --git a/payloads/libpayload/include/x86/arch/cache.h b/payloads/libpayload/include/x86/arch/cache.h
index 73849b7348..4a8073616c 100644
--- a/payloads/libpayload/include/x86/arch/cache.h
+++ b/payloads/libpayload/include/x86/arch/cache.h
@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@
 #ifndef __ARCH_CACHE_H__
 #define __ARCH_CACHE_H__
 
-/* These are noops, needed by the USB stack on ARM */
+/* NOOPs mirroring ARM's cache API, since x86 devices usually cache snoop */
 #define dmb()
 #define dsb()
+#define dcache_clean_all()
+#define dcache_clean_by_mva(addr, len)
+#define dcache_invalidate_all()
+#define dcache_invalidate_by_mva(addr, len)
 #define dcache_clean_invalidate_all()
 #define dcache_clean_invalidate_by_mva(addr, len)